Caffeine Calculator

Remaining caffeine from dose, hours passed, and half life.

Food and CookingUpdated 2026-10-102 min read
Caffeine Calculator
Brewed coffee about 95 mg per cup, espresso 65, energy drinks 80 to 200.
Five hours is average. Smokers clear faster, pregnancy much slower.
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Coffee equivalent...

What it does

Caffeine fades exponentially with a half life near five hours in average adults: half remains after one half life, a quarter after two, an eighth after three. That long tail explains why a 2 PM coffee still guards the midnight gate.

The tool above takes the dose, hours passed, and personal half life. It returns milligrams left, percent remaining, and cups of coffee equivalent.

Metabolism varies widely. Smokers clear caffeine near twice as fast, oral contraceptives slow it, pregnancy stretches half life past ten hours, and gene variants split fast and slow metabolizers.

Dose stacking sneaks up through the day. Two morning coffees plus a pre workout scoop can total 500 milligrams with half still active at dinner, which is a sleep problem wearing a productivity costume.

How to use

  1. Enter total milligrams from all sources.
  2. Enter hours since the last dose.
  3. Set half life to 5 unless you know yours.
  4. Plan the last dose so little remains at bedtime.

Formula

Left = dose x 0.5^(hours / half life). Percent = left / dose x 100. Cups = left / 95.
0.5^...
Exponential decay: each half life halves the rest.
half life
Hours to clear half. Average 5, range 3 to 10 plus.
95 mg
Typical brewed cup used for the equivalent.

Zero order illusions aside, liver enzymes follow first order decay here, which is why equal time slices remove equal shares, not equal milligrams.

Worked example

Example: 200 mg, 5 hours later, 5 hour half life

Large coffee of 200 mg at noon, checked at 5 PM.

  1. Halvings: 5 / 5 = 1.
  2. Left: 200 x 0.5^1 = 100 mg.
  3. Share: 50% left.
  4. Cups: 100 / 95 = 1.1 cups still working at dinner approach.

Reference table

200 mg fading at 5 hour half life
HoursLeftShare
0200 mg100%
5100 mg50%
1050 mg25%
1525 mg12%
2012 mg6%

Limits

  • Average kinetics. Individuals vary widely.
  • One compartment model. Real distribution is messier.
  • Tolerance is not clearance. Feeling fine differs from clean.
  • Pregnancy, liver issues, and drugs shift half life a lot.

Common mistakes

  • Counting only coffee while energy drinks and pills add up.
  • Assuming 2 PM coffee sleeps off by ten.
  • Chasing focus with rising doses instead of sleep.
  • Ignoring half life changes in pregnancy.
  • Quitting cold turkey and meeting the headache.

Try it yourself

Quick checks. Answers sit tucked under each question.

100 mg, 10 hours, half life 5?

Two halvings: 100 x 0.25 = 25 mg left.

400 mg at once, 5 hours later?

One halving: 200 mg left, over two cups.

Questions

How long does caffeine last?

Half clears in about 5 hours, most in 10 to 15. Traces linger a full day.

How much caffeine is in coffee?

About 95 mg brewed, 65 espresso, 30 to 50 tea, 80 to 200 energy drinks.

When should I stop coffee?

Eight to ten hours before bed for sensitive sleepers. Noon cutoff suits many.

Is 400 mg a day safe?

The commonly cited adult ceiling, but pregnancy and heart conditions go lower.

Why am I tired after coffee?

Tolerance plus adenosine rebound as it wears off. Sleep debt is the usual root.

Does smoking change clearance?

Yes, smokers clear roughly twice as fast. Quitting slows it back.

Sources

How this page was checked. The formula above was matched against the cited sources, and the worked example was run through the tool on this page before publishing. If you spot an error, contact us so we can fix it and note the correction.